Background and objectives: The Kumamoto earthquakes struck Kumamoto prefecture, in the southwest part of Japan in April 2016. Background and objectives The Kumamoto earthquakes struck Kumamoto prefecture, in the southwest part of Japan in April 2016. / 01:45 / Intensity 6-lower / Kumamoto region in Kumamoto Prefectu As locations become closer to the fault rupture zone, the occurrence of the structural damage become more frequent. The average shear wave velocity in the top 30 m of the soil (i.e., Vs30) is calculated as 280 m/s (i.e., NEHRP site class D). Houses directly above the ground cracks had been destroyed (Figure 17E), while houses on the subsided portion of the ground were intact (no viable damage externally). Bull. It is important to compare the observed ground motions with existing empirical prediction models in the literature. In particular, this caused significant difficulty and stress to evacuees and recovery activities in Minami Aso Village, where devastating damage was observed. On the other hand, in the surrounding areas of Aso Shrine, no obvious ground failures were observed. European Macroseismic Scale 1998 (EMS-98). Interestingly, the Uto city office was the only building in the area that was damaged significantly. The KMM006 station was located in a residential area. (Tokyo, April 18, 2016) Sony Corporation ("Sony") extends its deepest sympathies to all those affected by the earthquakes in Kumamoto. The building shown in Figure 13A was a four-story steel building; the second floor had completely collapsed in a soft-story collapse mechanism. Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion. A sequence of two strike-slip earthquakes occurred on April 14 and 16, 2016 in the intraplate region of Kyushu Island, Japan, apart from subduction zones, and caused significant damage and disruption to the Kumamoto region. To examine the correlation between observed surface ruptures and building damage, videos taken from a UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) that were provided by the GSI were analyzed. The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes caused serious damage to Kumamoto City Hospital and its level III regional core NICU. 97, 1511–1524. For these purposes, available ground motion data for 20 seismic events that occurred in April 2016 (MJ ≥4.3) are downloaded from the K-NET and KiK-net (in total, 6,177 records, including borehole recording data for the KiK-net; each record has three components), and are processed uniformly to compute acceleration and velocity waveforms as well as various ground motion parameters [peak ground acceleration (PGA) and 5%-damped spectral acceleration (SA)]. We are now expected to restore the system, as quickly as possible, to fulfill these roles. Built Environ., 22 August 2016 Staff from municipal governments engaged in response activities praised their âcreative way of organizing the evacuation centers.â Support activities that took advantage of our studentsâ expertise and teamwork capability were also provided outside the university. On April 14 and 16, 2016, two consecutive earthquakes with a peak seismic intensity of 7, These ground failures were localized. These data are valuable in reconstructing the rupture processes of the earthquakes via rigorous inversion analysis. (B) 5%-damped response spectra for the mainshock records at KMMH16. The latest update includes imagery from Kumamoto, Japan, which suffered a series of large earthquakes in April, 2016. Moreover, a field investigation was conducted at Kumamoto port (Location 4 in Figure 11A). The earthquake damage was widespread over the rural areas of Kumamoto Prefecture. After the Kumamoto foreshock and mainshock, several finite-fault models have been developed and were made available publicly. In this section, characteristics of observed ground motions in the Kumamoto region are investigated by focusing on: (i) strong motion characteristics in the near-fault region, (ii) regional ground motion characteristics and orientations of the major response axis with respect to the fault strike direction, (iii) comparison of observed ground motion recordings with an existing ground motion prediction equation (GMPE), and (iv) estimation of ground motion parameters at unobserved locations. model includes several adjustment parameters to refine the prediction, such as faulting mechanism and regional factor. Physical and mental disorders presenting to hospital increased after the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes. Posted on April 14, 2017 December 13, 2017. 4, 3–13. Soc. The port was constructed on a man-made island. (A) Collapsed timber building in the Kurokawa district of Minami Aso Village (Location 11 in Region 3). Buildings where no entry was permitted 5 (2016). An application of the advanced ground motion estimation technique was demonstrated for a liquefaction site at Kumamoto port. The Futagawa fault stretches from the outskirt of Aso Caldera to Uto Peninsula (Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion, 2016). Eng. It is important to recognize that the Futagawa fault cut underneath of Aso bridge; henceforth, differential ground deformations at both sides of the bridge could have been significant (because of the strike-slip faulting and the locations are very near to the fault strike; see Figure 4). Kumamoto residents observed a moment of silence Tuesday to mark the fourth month since the April quake that struck wide … Damage investigations that have been conducted after the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake are listed below in chronological order. The earthquakes caused significant tangible and intangible loss. In Figure 1A, epicentral locations of the April 14, 2016 foreshock and the April 16, 2016 mainshock are shown based on the unified JMA catalog, available from Hi-net.4 In addition, locations of Kumamoto City, Mashiki Town, Nishihara Village, and Minami Aso Village are indicated with square symbols. were recorded in addition to the damage severity. Soil Dyn. Successful Hospital Evacuation After the Kumamoto Earthquakes, Japan, 2016 - Volume 11 Issue 5 - Takashi Nagata, Shinkichi Himeno, Akihiro Himeno, Manabu Hasegawa, Alan Kawarai Lefor, Makoto Hashizume, Yoshihiko Maehara, Masami Ishii Through such comparison, one can evaluate whether the ground motions from the Kumamoto earthquakes are unusual with respect to past events (note: such differences may arise due to various reasons, such as low/high stress drop and regional attenuation characteristics). Moreover, because of the proximity of the Futagawa segment and the Takano-Shirahata segment, both faults might rupture simultaneously, potentially leading to an Mw 7.8–8.2 event. Numerous surface ruptures were observed in Mashiki Town (Shirahama et al., 2016). Figure 9 compares observed ground motions with predicted mainshock ground motions, respectively, based on the Boore et al. The thin grey lines represent political boundaries of the municipalities in the Kumamoto region. doi:10.1029/96JB02946. Estimated elastic deformation profiles based on the GSI finite-fault model for the mainshock: (B) NS deformation, (C) EW deformation, and (D) UD deformation. model. prediction model (note: this conclusion is applicable to the majority of the earthquakes of the 2016 Kumamoto sequence). The target earthquake (EQ) is the 2016 Kumamoto EQ with its main shock on 15 April 2016 (M = 7.3, universal time). Soc. 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